A possibly lethal mosquito-spread virus has been identified in northwestern Victoria, leading health officials to issue a cautionary statement.
The Victorian Department of Health reported the inaugural discovery of Japanese encephalitis virus in mosquitoes for the 2025–26 period using a mosquito trap located within the Horsham Rural City Council district.
Japanese encephalitis, occasionally referred to as JEV, is a flavivirus akin to dengue and yellow fever, which is spread by mosquitoes and can lead to critical brain infections.
While most individuals remain asymptomatic, the illness may present symptoms like fever, nausea, and headaches.
In extreme instances, patients might suffer from seizures, paralysis, lasting disabilities, or even death.
Last summer, several cases occurred in Victoria, with most individuals thought to have encountered the virus near the Murray River in the NSW Riverina area.
In March, a person from the ACT passed away from JEV after contracting the illness during a vacation in the Murrumbidgee area. This individual was the second fatality from the virus in NSW during last summer.
During the summer of 2024-25, the virus was found along the Murray River, spanning from Mildura in the northwest of Victoria to Moira, as well as in pig farms across the three eastern states.
Instances of Japanese encephalitis in humans were also confirmed in Queensland, including, for the first time, in Brisbane.
“Diseases transmitted by mosquitoes such as Japanese encephalitis can have severe health consequences, yet they are avoidable,” remarked Dr. Caroline McElnay, Victoria’s Chief Health Officer, on Tuesday.
“A complimentary Japanese encephalitis vaccine is accessible for eligible individuals at heightened risk of exposure.
Implementing straightforward measures like using repellent dressing appropriately and minimizing outdoor activities during dawn and dusk can significantly decrease your risk.
While anyone may be susceptible to mosquito bites those residing, working or engaging in outdoor activities in northern Victoria—particularly near rivers—might face a greater risk.
A complimentary Japanese encephalitis vaccine is provided in 24 local councils throughout Victoria, encompassing Horsham Rural City Council, for eligible individuals at an elevated risk.
Free JEV vaccinations are also offered in certain NSW local government regions. Additional information can be sourced from NSW Health.
Vaccinations are available even for those who do not qualify for Medicare. A booster dose may be advised one or two years later for certain individuals with ongoing exposure risks.
Further details can be found on the websites of the Department of Health or the Better Health Channel.
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